GLE's

Louisiana Sixth Grade Level Expectations

Language Arts

1. Identify word meanings using a variety of strategies, including: � using context clues (e.g., definition, restatement, example, contrast) � using structural analysis (e.g., roots, affixes) � determining word origins (etymology) � using knowledge of idioms � explaining word analogies (ELA-1-M1) 2. Identify common abbreviations, symbols, acronyms, and multiple-meaning words (ELA-1-M1) 3. Develop specific vocabulary (e.g., scientific, content-specific, current events) for various purposes (ELA-1-M1) 4. Identify and explain story elements, including: � theme development � character development � relationship of word choice and mood � plot sequence (e.g., exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution) (ELA-1-M2) 5. Identify and explain literary and sound devices, including: � foreshadowing � flashback � imagery � onomatopoeia (ELA-1-M2) 6. Answer literal and inferential questions in oral and written responses about ideas and information in grade-appropriate texts, including: � comic strips � editorial cartoons � speeches (ELA-1-M3) 7. Explain the connections between ideas and information in a variety of texts (e.g., journals, technical specifications, advertisements) and real-life situations and other texts (ELA-1-M4) 8. Compare and contrast cultural characteristics (e.g., customs, traditions, viewpoints) found in national, world, and multicultural literature (ELA-6-M1) 9. Compare and contrast elements (e.g., plot, setting, characters, theme) in a variety of genres (ELA-6-M2) 10. Use knowledge of the distinctive characteristics to classify and interpret elements of various genres, including: � fiction (e.g., myths, historical fiction) � nonfiction (e.g., newspaper articles, magazine articles) � poetry (e.g., lyric, narrative) � drama (e.g., short plays) (ELA-6-M3) 11. Demonstrate understanding of information in grade-appropriate texts using a variety of strategies, including: � sequencing events and steps in a process � summarizing and paraphrasing information � identifying stated or implied main ideas and supporting details � comparing and contrasting literary elements and ideas � making simple inferences and drawing conclusions � predicting the outcome of a story or situation � identifying literary devices (ELA-7-M1) 12. Examine and explain the relationship between life experiences and texts to generate solutions to problems (ELA-7-M2) 13. Use technical information and other available resources (e.g., software programs, manuals) to solve problems (ELA-7-M2) 14. Analyze an author's stated or implied purpose for writing (e.g., to explain, to entertain, to persuade, to inform, to express personal attitudes or beliefs) (ELA-7-M3) 15. Identify persuasive techniques (e.g., unsupported inferences, faulty reasoning, generalizations) that reflect an author�s viewpoint (perspective) in texts (ELA-7-M3) 16. Analyze grade-appropriate print and nonprint texts using various reasoning skills, including: � identifying cause-effect relationships � raising questions � reasoning inductively and deductively � generating a theory or hypothesis � skimming/scanning � distinguishing facts from opinions and probability (ELA-7-M4) 17. Write multiparagraph compositions on student- or teacher-selected topics organized with the following: � an established central idea � organizational patterns (e.g., comparison/contrast, order of importance, chronological order) appropriate to the topic � elaboration (e.g., fact, examples, and/or specific details) � transitional words and phrases that unify ideas and points � an overall structure including an introduction, a body/middle, and a concluding paragraph that summarizes important ideas (ELA-2-M1) 18. Organize individual paragraphs with topic sentences, relevant elaboration, and concluding sentences (ELA-2-M1) 19. Develop grade-appropriate compositions on student- or teacher-selected topics that include the following: � word choices (diction) appropriate to the identified audience and/or purpose � vocabulary selected to clarify meaning, create images, and set a tone � information/ideas selected to engage the interest of the reader � clear voice (individual personality) � variety in sentence structure (ELA-2-M2) 20. Develop grade-appropriate compositions applying writing processes such as the following: � selecting topic and form � prewriting (e.g., brainstorming, researching, raising questions, generating graphic organizers) � drafting � conferencing (e.g., peer, teacher) � revising based on feedback and use of various tools (e.g., LEAP21 Writer�s Checklist, rubrics) � proofreading/editing � publishing using technology (ELA-2-M3) 21. Develop grade-appropriate paragraphs and multiparagraph compositions using the various modes of writing (e.g., description, narration, exposition, persuasion), emphasizing narration and exposition (ELA-2-M4) 22. Use the various modes to write compositions, including: � comparison/contrast � essays based on a stated opinion (ELA-2-M4) 23. Develop writing using a variety of literary devices, including foreshadowing, flashback, and imagery (ELA-2-M5) 24. Write for various purposes, including: � business letters that include a heading, inside address, salutation, body, and signature � evaluations, supported with facts and opinions, of newspaper/magazine articles and editorial cartoons � text-supported interpretations of elements of novels, stories, poems, and plays (ELA-2-M6) 25. Use standard English punctuation, including: � hyphens to separate syllables of words and compound adjectives � commas and coordinating conjunctions to separate independent clauses in compound sentences � colons after salutation in business letters (ELA-3-M2) 26. Capitalize names of companies, buildings, monuments, and geographical names (ELA-3-M2) 27. Write paragraphs and compositions following standard English structure and usage, including: � possessive forms of singular and plural nouns and pronouns � regular and irregular verb tenses � homophones (ELA-3-M3) 28. Apply knowledge of parts of speech in writing, including: � prepositional phrases � interjections for emphasis � conjunctions and transitions to connect ideas (ELA-3-M4) 29. Spell high-frequency, commonly confused, frequently misspelled words and derivatives (e.g., roots and affixes) correctly (ELA-3-M5) 30. Use a variety of resources (e.g., glossaries, dictionaries, thesauruses, spell check) to find correct spellings (ELA-3-M5) 31. Adjust diction and enunciation to suit the purpose for speaking (ELA-4-M1) 32. Use standard English grammar, diction, syntax, and pronunciation when speaking (ELA-4-M1) 33. Follow procedures (e.g., read, question, write a response, form groups) from detailed oral instructions (ELA-4-M2) 34. State oral directions/procedures for tasks (ELA-4-M2) 35. Adjust volume and inflection to suit the audience and purpose of presentations (ELA-4-M3) 36. Organize oral presentations with a thesis, an introduction, a body developed with relevant details, and a conclusion (ELA-4-M3) 37. Demonstrate active listening strategies for various purposes, including: � viewing a video to interpret the meaning of the story, to determine the speaker�s/character's attitude using verbal and nonverbal cues, and to draw conclusions about the presentation � summarizing the main points of a speaker's message, including supporting details and their significance (ELA-4-M4) 38. Deliver oral presentations and responses, including: � a research-based presentation � formal and informal descriptive presentations that convey relevant information and descriptive details (ELA-4-M4) 39. Evaluate media for various purposes, including: � text structure � images/sensory details � support for main position � background information � opinions vs. facts � sequence of ideas and organization (ELA-4-M5) 40. Participate in group and panel discussions, including: � explaining the effectiveness and dynamics of group process � applying agreed-upon rules for formal and informal discussions � assuming a variety of roles (e.g., facilitator, recorder, leader, listener) (ELA-4-M6) 41. Locate and select information using organizational features of grade-appropriate resources, including: � complex reference sources (e.g., almanacs, atlases, newspapers, magazines, brochures, map legends, prefaces, appendices) � electronic storage devices (e.g., CD-ROMs, diskettes, software, drives) � frequently accessed and bookmarked Web addresses � organizational features of electronic texts (e.g., bulletin boards, databases, keyword searches, e-mail addresses) (ELA-5-M1) 42. Locate and integrate information from grade-appropriate resources, including: � multiple printed texts (e.g., encyclopedias, atlases, library catalogs, specialized dictionaries, almanacs, technical encyclopedias) � electronic sources (e.g., Web sites, databases) � other media sources (e.g., audio and video tapes, films, documentaries, television, radio) (ELA-5-M2) 43. Identify sources as primary and secondary to determine credibility of information (ELA-5-M2) 44. Locate, gather, and select information using data-gathering strategies, including: � surveying � interviewing � paraphrasing (ELA-5-M3) 45. Generate grade-appropriate research reports that include information presented in a variety of forms, including: � visual representations of data/information � graphic organizers (e.g., outlines, timelines, charts, webs) � bibliographies ( ELA-5-M3) 46. Use word processing and/or other technology to draft, revise, and publish a variety of works, including compositions, investigative reports, and business letters (ELA-5-M4) 47. Give credit for borrowed information following acceptable-use policy, including: � integrating quotations and citations � using endnotes � creating bibliographies and/or works cited lists (ELA-5-M5) 48. Interpret information from a variety of graphic organizers, including timelines, charts, schedules, tables, diagrams, and maps in grade-appropriate sources (ELA-5-M6) Mathematics
 * Reading and Responding **
 * Standard 1: **
 * Standard 6 **
 * Standard 7 **
 * Writing **
 * Standard 2 **
 * Writing/Proofreading **
 * Standard 3 **
 * Speaking and Listening **
 * Standard 4 **
 * Information Resources **
 * Standard 5 **

1. Factor whole numbers into primes (N-1-M) 2. Determine common factors and common multiples for pairs of whole numbers (N-1-M) 3. Find the greatest common factor (GCF) and least common multiple (LCM) for whole numbers in the context of problem-solving (N-1-M) 4. Recognize and compute equivalent representations of fractions and decimals (i.e., halves, thirds, fourths, fifths, eighths, tenths, hundredths) (N-1-M) (N-3-M) 5. Decide which representation (i.e., fraction or decimal) of a positive number is appropriate in a real-life situation (N-1-M) (N-5-M) 6. Compare positive fractions, decimals, and positive and negative integers using symbols (i.e., <, =, >) and number lines (N-2-M) 7. Read and write numerals and words for decimals through ten-thousandths (N-3-M) 8. Demonstrate the meaning of positive and negative numbers and their opposites in real-life situations (N-3-M) (N-5-M) 9. Add and subtract fractions and decimals in real-life situations (N-5-M) 10. Use and explain estimation strategies to predict computational results with positive fractions and decimals (N-6-M) 11. Mentally multiply and divide by powers of 10 (e.g., 25/10 = 2.5; 12.56 x 100 = 1,256) (N-6-M) 12. Divide 4-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers with the quotient written as a mixed number or a decimal (N-7-M) 13. Use models and pictures to explain concepts or solve problems involving ratio, proportion, and percent with whole numbers (N-8-M) 14. Model and identify perfect squares up to 144 (A-1-M) 15. Match algebraic equations and expressions with verbal statements and vice versa (A-1-M) (A-3-M) (A-5-M) (P-2-M) 16. Evaluate simple algebraic expressions using substitution (A-2-M) 17. Find solutions to 2-step equations with positive integer solutions (e.g., 3//x// � 5 = 13, 2//x// + 3//x// = 20) (A-2-M) 18. Measure length and read linear measurements to the nearest sixteenth-inch and mm (M-1-M) 19. Calculate perimeter and area of triangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids (M-1-M) 20. Calculate, interpret, and compare rates such as $/lb., mpg, and mph (M-1-M) (A-5-M) 21. Demonstrate an intuitive sense of relative sizes of common units for length and area of familiar objects in real-life problems (e.g., estimate the area of a desktop in square feet, the average adult is between 1.5 and 2 meters tall) (M-2-M) (G-1-M) 22. Estimate perimeter and area of any 2-dimensional figure (regular and irregular) using standard units (M-2-M) 23. Identify and select appropriate units to measure area (M-3-M) 24. Use mathematical terms to describe the basic properties of 3-dimensional objects (edges, vertices, faces, base, etc.) (G-2-M) 25. Relate polyhedra to their 2-dimensional shapes by drawing or sketching their faces (G-2-M) (G-4-M) 26. Apply concepts, properties, and relationships of points, lines, line segments, rays, diagonals, circles, and right, acute, and obtuse angles and triangles in real-life situations, including estimating sizes of angles (G-2-M) (G-5-M) (G-1-M) 27. Make and test predictions regarding tessellations with geometric shapes (G-3-M) 28. Use a rectangular grid and ordered pairs to plot simple shapes and find horizontal and vertical lengths and area (G-6-M) 29. Collect, organize, label, display, and interpret data in frequency tables, stem-and-leaf plots, and scatter plots and discuss patterns in the data verbally and in writing (D-1-M) (D-2-M) (A-3-M) 30. Describe and analyze trends and patterns observed in graphic displays (D-2-M) 31. Demonstrate an understanding of precision, accuracy, and error in measurement (D-2-M) (M-2-M) 32. Calculate and discuss mean, median, mode, and range of a set of discrete data to solve real-life problems (D-2-M) 33. Create and use Venn diagrams with two overlapping categories to solve counting logic problems (D-3-M) 34. Use lists, tree diagrams, and tables to determine the possible combinations from two disjoint sets when choosing one item from each set (D-4-M) 35. Illustrate and apply the concept of complementary events (D-5-M) 36. Apply the meaning of //equally likely// and //equally probable// to real-life situations (D-5-M) (D-6-M) 37. Describe, complete, and apply a pattern of differences found in an input-output table (P-1-M) (P-2-M) (P-3-M) 38. Describe patterns in sequences of arithmetic and geometric growth and now-next relationships (i.e., growth patterns where the next term is dependent on the present term) with numbers and figures (P-3-M) (A-4-M)
 * Number and Number Relations **
 * Algebra **
 * Measurement **
 * Geometry **
 * Data Analysis, Probability, and Discrete Math **
 * Patterns, Relations, and Functions **

Science

Physical Science Properties and Changes of Properties in Matter 1. Measure and record the volume and mass of substances in metric system units (PS-M-A1) 2. Calculate the density of large and small quantities of a variety of substances (e.g., aluminum foil, water, copper, clay, rock) (PS-M-A1) 3. Construct models that replicate atomic structure for selected common elements from the periodic table (PS-M-A2) 4. Differentiate between the physical and chemical properties of selected substances (PS-M-A3) 5. Compare physical and chemical changes (PS-M-A3) 6. Draw or model the movement of atoms in solid, liquid, and gaseous states (PS-M-A4) 7. Simulate how atoms and molecules have kinetic energy exhibited by constant motion (PS-M-A4) 8. Determine the temperatures at which water changes physical phases (e.g., freezing point, melting point, boiling point) (PS-M-A5) 9. Describe the properties of reactants and products of chemical reactions observed in the lab (PS-M-A6) 10. Identify the average atomic masses of given elements using the periodic table (PS-M-A7) 11. Compare the masses of reactants and products of a chemical reaction (PS-M-A7) 12. Determine the effect of particle size of the same reactants on the rate of chemical reactions during a lab activity (e.g., powdered vs. solid forms) (PS-M-A8) 13. Use a variety of resources to identify elements and compounds in common substances (PS-M-A9) Motions and Forces 14. Construct and analyze graphs that represent one-dimensional motion (i.e., motion in a straight line) and predict the future positions and speed of a moving object (PS-M-B1) 15. Explain why velocity is expressed in both speed and direction (PS-M-B1) 16. Compare line graphs of acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration (PS-M-B1) 17. Describe and demonstrate that friction is a force that acts whenever two surfaces or objects move past one another (PS-M-B2) 18. Explain how the resistance of materials affects the rate of electrical flow (PS-M-B2) 19. Identify forces acting on all objects (PS-M-B3) 20. Draw and label a diagram to represent forces acting on an object (PS-M-B4) 21. Determine the magnitude and direction of unbalanced (i.e., net) forces acting on an object (PS-M-B4) 22. Demonstrate that an object will remain at rest or move at a constant speed and in a straight line if it is not subjected to an unbalanced force (PS-M-B5) (PS-M-B3) 23. Predict the direction of a force applied to an object and how it will change the speed and direction of the object (PS-M-B5) Transformations of Energy 24. Describe and give examples of how all forms of energy may be classified as potential or kinetic energy (PS-M-C1) 25. Compare forms of energy (e.g., light, heat, sound, electrical, nuclear, mechanical) (PS-M-C1) 26. Describe and summarize observations of the transmission, reflection, and absorption of sound, light, and heat energy (PS-M-C1) 27. Explain the relationship between work input and work output by using simple machines (PS-M-C2) 28. Explain the law of conservation of energy (PS-M-C2) 29. Compare and/or investigate the relationships among work, power, and efficiency (PS-M-C2) 30. Trace energy transformations in a simple system (e.g., flashlight) (PS-M-C2) 31. Compare types of electromagnetic waves (PS-M-C3) 32. Identify and illustrate key characteristics of waves (e.g., wavelength, frequency, amplitude) (PS-M-C4) 33. Predict the direction in which light will refract when it passes from one transparent material to another (e.g., from air to water, from prism to air) (PS-M-C4) 34. Apply the law of reflection and law of refraction to demonstrate everyday phenomena (e.g., how light is reflected from tinted windows, how light is refracted by cameras, telescopes, eyeglasses) (PS-M-C4) 35. Determine through experimentation whether light is reflected, transmitted, and/or absorbed by a given object or material (PS-M-C4) 36. Explain the relationship between an object�s color and the wavelength of light reflected or transmitted to the viewer�s eyes (PS-M-C4) 37. Compare how heat is transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation (PS-M-C5) 38. Identify conditions under which thermal energy tends to flow from a system of higher energy to a system of lower energy (PS-M-C5) 39. Describe how electricity can be produced from other types of energy (e.g., magnetism, solar, mechanical) (PS-M-C6) 40. Identify heat energy gains and losses during exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions (PS-M-C7) 41. Identify risks associated with the production and use of coal, petroleum, hydroelectricity, nuclear energy, and other energy forms (PS-M-C8) Science and the Environment 42. Identify energy types from their source to their use and determine if the energy types are renewable, nonrenewable, or inexhaustible (SE-M-A6) 43. Explain how the use of different energy resources affects the environment and the economy (SE-M-A6) 44. Explain how an inexhaustible resource can be harnessed for energy production (SE-M-A6) 45. Describe methods for sustaining renewable resources (SE-M-A6) 46. Identify ways people can reuse, recycle, and reduce the use of resources to improve and protect the quality of life (SE-M-A6) 47. Illustrate how various technologies influence resource use in an ecosystem (e.g., forestry management, soil conservation, fishery improvement) (SE-M-A8)

Social Studies

1. Use latitude and longitude to determine direction or locate or compare points on a map or representation of a globe (G-1A-M2) 2. Identify land and climatic conditions conducive to human settlement in regions of the world and describe the role of these conditions (G-1B-M1) 3. Identify physical features that influenced world historical events and describe their influence (e.g., the Nile and Tigris-Euphrates as �cradles of civilization�) (G-1B-M2) 4. Explain ways in which goals, cultures, interests, inventions, and technological advances have affected people�s perceptions and uses of places or regions in world history (G-1B-M4) 5. Explain reasons for different patterns of migration among early peoples (G-1C-M4) 6. Explain factors or events that have facilitated cultural diffusion (e.g., the Silk Road, Crusades) (G-1C-M5) 7. Describe the economic interdependence among various ancient civilizations (G-1C-M6) 8. Explain how ancient civilizations established and maintained political boundaries (G-1C-M7) 9. Explain how different physical environments affected human activity in ancient civilizations (G-1D-M2) 10. Analyze world or regional distribution of natural resources in terms of the need to import or the capacity to export (G-1D-M3) 11. Identify the essential elements of Greek and Roman government that would later influence the U.S. government (C-1B-M1) 12. Explain the role of expanding specialization in the development of world civilizations (E-1A-M4) 13. Identify the functions and characteristics of money (e.g., money as a store of value) and compare barter exchange to money exchange (E-1A-M8) 14. Use economic concepts (e.g., supply and demand, interdependence) to describe the economic motivations for expanding trade and territorial domination in world history (E-1A-M9) 15. Construct a timeline of key developments in world history (political, social, technological, religious/cultural) (H-1A-M1) 16. Interpret data presented in a timeline to identify change and continuity in world civilizations (H-1A-M1) 17. Describe the defining characteristics of major world civilizations from political, social, and economic perspectives (H-1A-M2) 18. Describe the causes, effects, or impact of a given historical development or event in world civilizations (H-1A-M3) 19. Use multiple primary and secondary sources to describe world civilizations (H-1A-M4) 20. Identify historical issues or problems in world civilizations and discuss how they were addressed (H-1A-M5) 21. Conduct historical research using a variety of resources to answer historical questions related to world civilizations (H-1A-M6) 22. Describe features of the earliest communities (e.g., shelter, food, clothing) (H-1C-M1) 23. Describe hunter-gatherer societies, including the development of tools and the use of fire (H-1C-M1) 24. Explain how geographical features influenced development of early civilizations (e.g., domestication, cultivation, specialization) (H-1C-M2) 25. Explain why agricultural societies developed from hunters and gatherers (H-1C-M2) 26. Discuss the climatic changes and human modifications of the physical environment that gave rise to the domestication of plants and animals and new sources of clothing (H-1C-M2) 27. Locate and describe the major river systems and discuss the physical settings that supported permanent settlement and early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and the Indus valley (H-1C-M3) 28. Describe the major characteristics of early river valley civilizations (H-1C-M3) 29. Describe how early river civilizations influenced the development of other cultures through trade and cultural diffusion (H-1C-M4) 30. Describe the development of agricultural societies and individual communities in Southwest Asia, the Mediterranean basin, and temperate Europe, including the role of plow technology (H-1C-M4) 31. Identify the effects of migration and militarization on the politics and social fabric of Europe and Asia (H-1C-M5) 32. Analyze the origins and influence of the Hittite, Minoan, and Mycenaean civilizations (H-1C-M5) 33. Explain the significance of the introduction of iron tools and weapons in Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region (H-1C-M6) 34. Explain the significance of Phoenician trade in the Mediterranean basin (H-1C-M6) 35. Identify forms of writing developed in early civilizations and discuss how written records changed political, legal, religious, and cultural life (H-1C-M6) 36. Describe the development of the Greek city-states, the cultural achievements of Athens, and the impact of Alexander the Great�s conquests (H-1C-M7) 37. Explain the sharing of ideas, goods, and services through trade between the Greek and Roman civilizations, and the influence of those civilizations on other cultures (H-1C-M7) 38. Describe and compare/contrast the key characteristics of classical civilizations (e.g., Greek, Roman, Persian, Chinese) (H-1C-M7) 39. Identify the major new religions and relate them to the empires that emerged in the Mediterranean Basin, China, and India (i.e., Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam) (H-1C-M8) 40. Compare and contrast the major religions in terms of leaders, key beliefs, and location (H-1C-M8) 41. Trace the spread of major religions and cultural traditions (e.g., the migration of Jews, spread of Christianity, expansion of Islamic rule) (H-1C-M9) 42. Identify the effect that the major religions have had on European, Asian, and African civilizations (H-1C-M9) 43. Describe the changes and developments brought about by the emergence and collapse of major empires/kingdoms in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas prior to A.D. 1000 (H-1C-M10) 44. Describe major events, key figures, and social structure of the Early Middle Ages (e.g., the fall of Rome, Charlemagne, feudalism) (H-1C-M10) 45. Identify effects of exploration and trade on the economic and cultural development of Europe, Africa, and Asia prior to 1500 (H-1C-M11) 46. Explain how communication among regions was accomplished between AD 1000 to 1500 (H-1C-M11) 47. Explain how and why Europe changed politically, socially, culturally, or economically during the period of intensified hemispheric interactions (H-1C-M12) 48. Describe the major contributing factors that led to the Renaissance (H-1C-M12) 49. Describe the major contributing factors that would lead to the Reformation (H-1C-M12) 50. Explain the major social, economic, political, and cultural features of European, African, and Asian societies that stimulated exploration and colonization (H-1C-M14) 51. Identify major technological developments in shipbuilding, navigation, and naval warfare, and trace the cultural origins of various innovations (H-1C-M14) 52. Describe the major achievements of the early Renaissance in Europe, including the impact of innovations in printing (H-1C-M14)
 * Geography **
 * The World in Spatial Terms **
 * Places and Regions **
 * Physical and Human Systems **
 * Environment and Society **
 * Civics **
 * Foundations of the American Political System **
 * Economics **
 * Fundamental Economic Concepts **
 * History **
 * Historical Thinking Skills **
 * World History **